James E. Fraser

James Earle Fraser was an American sculptor renowned for his contributions to public monuments and numismatic designs, including the U.S. Buffalo Nickel (1913) modeled after Black Diamond bison and Native American portraits, and sculptures like The Authority of Law and The Contemplation of Justice at the U.S. Supreme Court.[1][2][3][6] Born in Winona, Minnesota, he apprenticed under Augustus Saint-Gaudens, created iconic Western works such as End of the Trail (1915), and served on the Commission of Fine Arts from 1920–1925.[1][2][5][6] His prolific career featured designs for the World War I Victory Medal, Navy Cross, and numerous Washington, D.C. structures until his death in 1953.[3][5][6]